Which of the following describes the three states of matter?

The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. This classification is based on the arrangement and behavior of particles in each state. In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in place, giving solids a definite shape and volume. In liquids, particles are still close together but can move past one another, allowing liquids to take the shape of their container while maintaining a fixed volume. In gases, particles are far apart and move freely, resulting in neither a fixed shape nor a fixed volume.

The other options introduce states that do not typically comprise the primary classifications of matter. Plasma, although a state of matter that exists typically at high temperatures and consists of ionized gas, is not one of the three fundamental states. The terms steam and vapor refer to specific gaseous states of a substance that is usually in liquid form but do not encompass the general states of matter. Thus, the correct answer succinctly and accurately captures the three primary states in which matter can exist.