Which international agreement aimed to limit greenhouse gas emissions?

The Kyoto Protocol is the correct choice as it was specifically designed to commit its parties to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, based on the premise that climate change is a shared and urgent global challenge. This agreement, adopted in 1997 and entering into force in 2005, was the first of its kind to establish legally binding obligations for developed countries to reduce their emissions.

It set specific targets for each participating country and recognized the historical responsibility of industrialized nations for emissions, given their past contributions to climate change. The Kyoto Protocol also encouraged the development of market-based mechanisms like emissions trading, which allowed countries to meet their targets more flexibly.

While the Paris Agreement also aims to limit greenhouse gas emissions and represents a significant step in global climate policy, it operates through voluntary commitments rather than strict legally binding targets, which distinguishes it from the Kyoto Protocol. The Montreal Protocol focuses primarily on substances that deplete the ozone layer, while the Copenhagen Accord, although significant in elevating awareness and action on climate change, did not establish binding targets, making the Kyoto Protocol the most relevant choice for limiting greenhouse gas emissions specifically.