What is the relationship between magnetism and electricity in electromagnetism?

The relationship between magnetism and electricity is fundamentally interconnected in the field of electromagnetism, which is largely encapsulated by the principle that electricity can generate a magnetic field. This principle is based on Ampère's law and is a cornerstone of electromagnetism. When an electric current flows through a conductor, it produces a magnetic field around it, and the direction of this magnetic field can be determined by the right-hand rule. This effect is utilized in various applications, such as in electric motors and transformers, where magnetic fields are essential for converting electric energy into mechanical energy or vice versa.

The other statements do not accurately represent the relationship. For example, electric fields do not repel magnetic fields; instead, they interact in complex ways depending on the circumstances. Additionally, magnetic fields cannot exist solely without electricity, as they often result from electric currents. Lastly, magnetic fields do not inherently prevent electricity from flowing; on the contrary, they can influence the flow of electric current in certain contexts, as seen in electromagnetic induction. Thus, understanding that electricity can generate a magnetic field provides a clear insight into the core principles of electromagnetism.